Hyperpigmentation refers to any skin concern where a person’s skin tone is uneven or discoloured. The causes of hyperpigmentation vary depending on the type, but the most common ones are acne, age, and sun damage.
Acne can leave behind red or dark spots that cause discoloration and unevenness in the skin tone. As we age, our skin’s natural cell turnover rates decrease, leading to a dull and uneven complexion. Age spots caused by melasma are also common in aging skin. Sun damage can also contribute to hyperpigmentation if proper sun protection measures are not taken.
To treat hyperpigmentation, it is crucial to address the underlying cause before treating the actual condition. If your hyperpigmentation is caused by acne for example, then you need to treat your acne first.
There are many ways to treat hyperpigmentation, including various ingredients, but identifying the root cause is the best way to combat it effectively.
Ingredients to use to address hyperpigmentation.
If you’re dealing with hyperpigmentation, there are different approaches you can take when selecting ingredients. One approach is to choose ingredients that target pigment production by inhibiting the production of melanosome or tyrosinase. This can help reduce the overproduction of pigment to help lighten, and even out dark spots for a more even and brighter skin tone. Another approach is to use ingredients that increase skin cell turnover, helping to remove old skin cells and bring in new ones.
Ingredients that inhibit the production of excess pigment:
- Retinol
- Niacinamide
- Vitamin C
- Azelaic acid
- Kojic acid
Ingredients that increase skin cell turnover:
- Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) such as glycolic acid and lactic acid
- A beta hydroxy acid (BHA), that will be salicylic acid
- Poly hydroxy acids (PHAs) such as gluconolactone
- Retinol
It is crucial to wear sunscreen as unprotected sun exposure exacerbates hyperpigmentation and dark spots caused by sun damage.
